Concepts

The abstract data model behind Pine59: what is measured, how it is built, and how individual privacy is protected. Country-specific details live in Datasets.

Location types

Place, Area, and Way define which metrics are available. Every metric is scoped to exactly one location type.

Custom boundaries

Have your own map? Place and Area metrics can also be attributed to boundaries you define (trade zones, property outlines, catchment polygons), so the data lines up with the geography your organization already uses.

Techniques

The general techniques behind the data: privacy protections, visit detection, and modelling. These articles are un-versioned and signal-agnostic; browse the techniques → Each country's dataset pages show which apply to that country's signal. Pick a country →

Privacy

How privacy is built into the data itself: what is never published, and the technical mechanisms that enforce it.

Privacy approach

Pine59 products are built for statistical use only, so no output can be linked to an individual person. Which mechanisms apply (k5 filtering, differential privacy, …) depends on the country and its signal.

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